חומר רקע

– 19 , 2026 INFRA1 INFRA 1 , – TBM , , " " . " . - 300 ' 300 - 10 . - TBM ' 30-40 .' . . 6 6 INFRA2 INFRA 2 , , , , , , , , , , , DEPOTS - . 7 7 " 2 – 2030-31 1 – 2028-29 2026 – 2027 , 1 , 1 " 2 2025 8 8 " 60 28 1,680 80 96 7,680 " 1 INFRA 9,360 2 INFRA2 50 85 4,250 / - 3/8 INFRA2 " 15 80 450 " 2 INFRA 4,700 " 14,060 15% 2,100 50% 6,200 30% 1,150 " 1 23,500 1 9 , 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 TBM 10 10 – , 2026 250 2027 650 120 850 2028 1,500 1,700 8,000 2029 1,650 1,700 9,300 2030 1,800 1,700 10,500 2031 2,200 1,600 13,600 2032 2,200 1,600 14,400 2033 1,800 1,000 12,000 2034 1,200 500 6,000 2035 800 0 5,000 2036 600 0 4,000 2037 300 0 3,000 11 11 2 • 15-20 . • - . • - , . • – 2 , – . • - 9,000 2028 - 16 . • - 12 " - 170 " – - 1,700 . 12 12 – " - – – 16,000 63 ; / 13 13 - - - - / – CWE " – , , , , - , – ) ( – 14 – ) " ( # 2022 2023 2024 1 +10,000 11,000 + +12,000 +11,000 2 7,000 + 8,000 + +7,000 +7,000 3 4,000 + 5,000 + +6,000 +5,000 4 ) " ( 4,000 + 5,000 + 5,000 + +4,000 5 +5,000 4,000 + 4,000 + +4,000 Tier1 6 " 2,000 + 2,000 + 1,000 + 2,000 + 7 1,000 + 1,000 + 1,000 + 1,000 + 8 1,000 + 1,000 + 1,000 + 1,000 + ) " ( # 2022 2023 2024 1 - +800 +800 +1,000 +900 2 +400 +700 +900 +700 3 " +500 +300 +1,000 +600 4 ) ( +600 +300 +300 +400 5 +300 +300 +300 +300 - 6 +300 +200 - +200 Tier2 7 - +200 +300 - +200 8 +200 +200 - +200 9 . . 1990 " +400 - - - 10 . ) ( 2015 " +300 - - - 15 15 - • – • • / " • ) ' , , , ( • " - • • • " 16 16 – " " " Crossrail 43 , , , 60 16,000 London ) , ,( , , DohaMetro 32 ? , , . 143 GrandParis 200 , , , 77 , , , , SydneyMetro 26 11,000 , , . Copenhagen 26 ? , , , , . Metro 17 17 " - ) 2020 ,( ) 2024 ( - KPMG ) 2024 ( 11-16 - 2030 ; , , ; ; " 21 21 " - ) 2020 ,( ) 2024 ( - KPMG ) 2024 ( , ; ; " 22 22 " - ) 2020 ( ) 2024 ( - 300 ) , ( – - 60 , ) ( - 20 " 23 - • " - 300 , 1,400 - 80 , 1,283 1,200 1,142 1,104 1,097 2021-2025 . , 1,043 1,022 974 990 986 1,000 948 871 864 . 803 800 731 654 600 • ) , ( 400 ) ,( 200 . - ) , , ' .( - 24 , ) ( 25 ) , , ( ) ( : : , , . , , , . : : , , , . , , . : : , . , , . : : , , . . : : IT . , . 26 26 ) , , ( ) ( , , : , : , . , . : : , . PMP(ProjectManagementProfessional) . : , , SE(SystemsEngineering) . . (OSHA,NFPA). (ISO14001). : - , : . , . : – : , CAD, BIM , . . (MS Project, Primavera) 27 27 – ? 6 / 6-12 / / / 1 / 2 / - / - TBM NATM/SEM - Shotcrete BIM - – ) CBTC) Traction - ) Systems) V&V - - 28 28