חומר רקע

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~1|. C TKG \ CKXKZ \ F Y [ Z CKQ F B O N \ KRGY F F \ Y [ ZG\ CKQ F B O N \KRGY ) mother-infant attachment ( P FGGF B CQ-KSGE P [ P TG\K\ CKXKZ \ P T ZM \ KI SKO I C Z \K\ GP [ V I \K\ \ YKRF, GF [ V T \ F P MZ T \ T N TKXGC BGVKG [ N F \KRGY GT N F \ V \ IG\G C T \KE M B E O CGDZ. C F \ Y [ ZG\ \ YKRF NGP E F \KRGY N \ Y [ Z T O F S CKC F, GP V \ I B PGQ T O E PG\ P [ P TG\K\ GY CGT F C IKKG. CGNCK ~2| VK\ I B \ \KBGZKK\ F F \ Y [ ZG\ CRKSKGQ N F S CKZ \GV TG\ [ N KI SK B F C F, I ZE \-RJK[ F, B C N, J Z BGP F GEKM BGQ F P \ Z I [KO CKNEG\ F PGY E P \ ~2|. NE T \G, NMN \KRGY K[ RJKKF P NKE F N I V [ YKZ C F GY [ Z T Y CK T O E PG\ P SGKP \, C EZL MNN T O B PG. F F \ Y [ ZG\ C ZGZ F P BGE CKNEG\ F PGY E P \,RP [ M \ P [ L MN F IKKO GCGN J \ C PKGI E C TK\G\ IKZGO. \ IKN \ F F \ Y [ ZG\ PGDEZ \ GPGDC N \, GF \ YGV F F P [ P TG\K\ GFDGZNK\ FKB T E DKN [ R\KKO. BGN O \KRGYG\ P SGDNKO N F C IKQ CKQ FGZKO NHZKO M C Z C P I XK\ F [ RF F Z B [ GRF N IKKF O. \KRGYG\ F PGT P EKO N BKPGW IGGKO V ZKEG\ GRJK[ G\, F \ Y [ ZGKG\ P [ \RG\ T O E PGKG\ B Z TKG\ GC N \K-RDK[ G\ M C Z P \ IKN \ IKKF O. C P [ L [ FG\ O C PGS EG\ T E N SKGO \ F NKL F BKPGW F O HGMKO C P Y Z F F JGC N FHRF GN JKVGN C SKSK, BGN O BKQ PK [KDKC N BG\G\ P XGY F BG N XGZL [ N F O C YKZ C F GCKJ IGQ. C P [ L FHPQ VGI \ GFGNL F C MK [ N F O, T E [ FGB RV S Y N I NGJKQ. F O FGV MKO B EK[KO, I S ZK F C T F G\RGT F, GBKRO P \ TRKKRKO C S CKC \ O. F C TKG\ F [ MKIG\ CKG\ Z FRDZ PG\ P F V Z T \ F \ Y [ ZG\ FQ C F \ V \ IG\ F [ V F, CKXKZ \ Y [ ZKO I C Z \KKO GCKXKCG\ F ZD [K\.RK\Q N \ VGS B \ FKNE F P BGP W [ T C Z J Z BGP F GNGY F C \KS PGR\ C \ Z-J Z BGP JK\ ) post-traumatic stress disorder ( ~3|. F PDT FDGVRK CKQ F \KRGY N P J V N C CK\-FK\GPKO FGB REKZ, GP X J P X O N T \KO NHPQ F B ZGIG\ GF Z I X F. YKKP \ \ I NGV F DCGF F [ N F P J V NKO, GC C EKY F [ RT ZM F C PGS EG\ C BRDNKF C [ RG\ F [K[KO RP X B [ T E DKN [ R\KKO RVD [ FKNE T O 20 P J V NKO [ GRKO, T E DKN 4 [ RKO T O 40 P J V NKO,GC FDKTG NDKN 8 [ RKO FGB VGD [ 80 P J V NKO [ GRKO ! ~4|. FGZKO P B P XKO, F PGE TKO N I S MKO [ IGGF KNE O, P ZDK[KO XGZL N V XG\G,GM \GX B F P ML F O P \ Y [KO N F XKC DCGNG\ C ZGZKO, N B ZDQ S EZ KGO KXKC GNRF N BGZ I-IKKO P SGEZ T CGZ KNE O. F FGZKO F P B P XKO IKKCKO NE T \ [ PKE N B I Z F BKPGW T NKF O N FKG\ RDK[KO, GN FDKC NKNE O C ZDK[ G\ GC T Y CKG\. T NKF O N FK[ B Z T O KNE O F P BGP W T E [ P \ C S S \ F F \ Y [ ZG\ { Z Y BH KGMN FKNE N FKV ZE P F O N \ YGVG\ Y X ZG\ P C NK [ F E C Z KDZGO N P XGY F.KNEKO P BGP XKO P ZGPRKF DKNG DK[ F KEKEG\K\ P EKK NHZKO GF \ Y [ ZG\ I S Z \ CKJ IGQ N TGP \ KNEKO ZDKNKO ~5|. T O HB \, Singer GI C'~6| C E YG B \ F F \ Y [ ZG\ C Y Z C P [ V IG\ [ BKP XG KNE, GP X BG MK F [KTGZ FDCGF [ N C TKG\ V SKMGNGDKG\ C Y Z C P \ CDZKO [ BGP XG CKNEG\ PGY E P \ BKRG RGC T Z Y P F \ Y [ ZG\ VDGP F CDKN FKNEG\, GF SKYG MKK[ N P XGB F S C Z RGS U N \GV T F HG. C TKG \ DEKN F [ N KN EKO P BGP XKO C TKG\ DEKN F FQ F C TKF FRVGX F CKG\ Z C Y Z C KNEKO F PDKTKO P BKPGW CKQ-B Z XK~7,8|. P C EKY \ T YGPK FDEKN F [ N FKNEKO RK\Q Key words: adoption; international adoption; child development; fetal alcohol syndrome; precocious puberty; orphanages. S Y K Z G \ F Z V G B F M ZL 142 , IGC'K' )BGY JGC Z 2003 ( 694 N [ BGC PKE T Z C T N P X C C ZKBG\ O C P F NL [ FG\ O C C \K-FK\GPKO GT E FDKT O N P [ V I F F P B P X \. BGPRO F SKC F F [ MKI F CKG\ Z NMK[ NGQ C [KD [ GD ) FTT ( CKNEKO Y JRKO BKRF BGZDRK\ B N B RDZ P \ P I S L ZD [K, M \GX B F P NKYGK C Y [ Z CKQ FKNE N BKPG ) NOFTT ± Non Organic Failure to Thrive (, B L YKKPG\ M PGCQ P I NG\ Z CG\ FDGZ PG\ N S JKKF P T YGPK FDEKN F F \ YKRKO. KZKE F C T YGPK F P [ Y N FKB F CKJGK F Z B [ GQ N VDKT F CDEKN F, VDKT F C X PKI F NDGC F RVDT \ N B I Z P S V Z [ CGTG\, GBKNG FKY U F Z B [ FGB F B I ZGQ [ I N F CG S JKKF P F \ YQ N B I Z \ YGV F P PG [ M \ KG\ Z [ N I S L \HGR\K ~9|. F VDKT F CDEKN F F \GL-Z I PK\ ) IUGR ( [ MKI F KG\ Z C \KRGYG\ [ RP S ZG N BKPGW, T Y C C ZKBG\Q F N YGKF [ N BKPG\KF O F CKGNGDKG\, F C B F NKEK CKJGK CKQ FK\ Z C P X C \HGR\K KZGE F VGDT C TGC Z. Rutter GI C' ~ 10 | P X BG, MK N P ZG\ F [ MKIG\ FDCGF F [ N NKYGKK DEKN F C Y Z C K\GPKO, F ZK [ N B I Z BKPGX O GC FDKT O NDKN B Z C T [ RKO Z Y % 2 G- % 1 P F O PDKTKO N P [ Y N GNDGC F RPGMKO KG\ Z P CRK DKN O, C F \ B P F. \KRGYG\ [ BGP XG PDKN 6 IGE [KO GP T N F FKG RPGMKO GZHKO KG\ Z PKNEKO CRK-DKN O, B L FKG T EKKQ C \ IGO F \ YQ. C C EKY \ KNEKO P ZGPRKF [ BGP XG C YRE F ~ 11 |,RP X B MK B N F [ [ FG 8 IGE [KO GKG\ Z C C \K-K\GPKO FKG RPGMKO C-2 BKRX'KO C F [ GGB F N Y CGX \ C Y Z F [ N KNEKO P BGP XKO [ RGNEG C YRE F, GC BKRX' B I E RPGMKO KG\ Z PKNEKO [ [ FG C C \K-K\GPKO V IG\ P-4 IGE [KO. P C EKY F [ RT ZM F C B Z F " C C Y Z C 192 KNEKO P BGP XKO P SKQ~ 12 |,RP X B MK I N F F B J F [ N IGE [ KPKO C X PKI F NDGC F T N MN 2.86 IGE [K [ FKKF C CK\-K\GPKO. FKNEKO [ RC E YG FKG CRK IGE [KKO GT E 149 IGE [KO, GF P EKEG\ RT ZMG IGE [KKO N B I Z MRKS \ O N B Z F " C. F B J F BG T XKZ F CDEKN \ FKY U F Z B [ P [ Y V \ B \ X PKI \ F PGI, GNMQ F EKGQ C F B J F HG M F I [ GC C F \KKI SG\ N F \ V \ IG\ FKNEKO F P BGP XKO. C C EKY \ KNEKO [ BGP XG P ZGPRKF RP X B Y [ Z K[KZ CKQ P [ L [ FG\ O C C \K-FK\GPKO N FKY U F Z B [ F Y JQ ~8|. DKN O F P EGKY [ N FKNEKO [ RGK N T \KO B U FGB C P I NGY \, C [ N BK- ZK[ GO P MGGQ BG C [ GDD [ N \ B ZKMK F NKE F [ N K\GPKO B N F ~ 13 |. C TKG \ F \ V \ IG \ GF \ R F DG \ ZGC F B P FG\ FRGJ [ G\ B \ KNEKFQ BG PGG\ ZG\ T NKF O S PGL N B I Z F NKE F T C ZG F ZKGQ C P X C \HGR\K KZGE, I N YQ X ZMG B NMGFGN BG S PKO, GN T \KO B U N YG C P I NG\ F T NGNG\ N FKG\ F ZG\-B SGQ N F \ V \ IG\G [ N F \KRGY. F \KRGYG\ FRP S ZKO N C \K-FK\GPKO C Z B [K\ IKKF O SGC NKO P FHRI F ZD [K\ G\HGR\K\ C EZDF HG BG B I Z \ C \ YGV F Y ZKJK\ C F \ V \ IG\ F PGI. C Y Z C KNEKO [ IGG P I SGZ PGY E O C IKKF O PGEDPKO C C EKY \ PET [KRGKKO PKCRKKO C BHGZ F NKP CGS, FKMGNKO N F S CKZ C TKG\ F \RFDG\ [ GRG\ ~ 14 |. T N-PR\ N C X T F T ZM F F \ V \ IG\K\ RBG\ F [ N FKNE F PGT P E N BKPGW,K[ N [ BGU GN Y C N PKE T P EGKY T N P [ V I \G F CKGNGDK\, GMQ EKGGI T N BKZGTKO F \ V \ IG\KKO P [ P TG\KKO J Z O BKPGXG. P FRKSKGQ [ F X J C Z, P \ C ZZ MK ZGC FKNEKO P BGP XKO P C NK [KFKF N FGZKO PKE T P [ P TG\K T N F \ V \ IG\ O T E N PGT E F BKPGW. P Z CK\ FKNEKO FR [ N IKO N B Z F " C N P J Z \ BKPGW CKQ-B Z XK NGYKO C VKDGZ C F \ V \ IG\ ~ 15 |. F SKCG\ NML Z CG\, CKRKFQ [ TG\ Z CG\ [ N [ MKC F C PKJ F NN B Y [ Z TKQ BG PDT DGVRK T O P J V N, [KRF P PG [ M \ T Y C IGS Z DZKKF GTGE. C C EKYG\ F \ V \ IG\ C Y Z C KNEKO SKRKO [ BGP XG C B Z F " C, RP X B MK % 75 P F O N YG C BKIGZ F \ V \ IG\K C \ IGO B I E N V IG\: PGJGZKY F DS F { % 55 , PGJGZKY F T EKRF { % 49 , F CRF { % 32 , [ V F { % 43 , \ IGPKO I C Z \KKO-ZD [KKO { % 28 , T X P BG\ C IKK FKGPKGO { % 30 GBKIGZ MNNK { % 44 ~ 10 |. F VDKT F C F \ V \ IG\ F [ V F P [ P TG\K\ CKG\ Z,GF [ Y J F BGV U B \ FKNEKO C I N Y P C \K-FK\GPKO C \ YGV F M F Y ZKJK\ N F \ V \ IG\ F [ V F, T NGN N FKG\ F Z SRK GC T N F [ V T F P MZ T \ T N F \ V \ IG\ O F [ MNK\ GPKGPRGKG\KF O F I C Z \KG\ ~ 16 |. CDNN IGS Z FDZKKF GF FHRI F P V \ IKO FKNEKO F \RFDGKG\ F BGVKKRKG\ NKNEK PGS EG\, MDGQ \RGTG\ S J ZKBGJKVKG\ [ N RKERGE Z B [, F J I \ Z B [, CKJGK V I EKO [ GRKO GTGE.RGS U T N ML P V \ IKO KNEKO B N F BK-KXKCG\ \ IG [ \K\, F P \ C J B \ C IGS Z S CKNG\ N PDT GC Y [KK F S \DNG\ N PKZ Y PKO [ GRKO [ N PHGQ [ F V F BKRG PGZDN B NKF O, NDKZGKKO C N \K PGMZKO, M PG F EN Y \ BGZ,GN YGNG\ [ GRKO. \ IG [ \ BK-FRGIG\ [ N F O T Y C IGS Z S CKNG\ HG DGZ P \ N C TKG\ F S \DNG\ N CK\ O F I E [ GC T Y CG\ HB \ N C TKG\ F \RFDG\, GK[ N J V N C F O C [KJG\ F \ IG [ \KG\-\RGT \KG\ )SRSG-PGJGZKG\( F P YGC NG\ ~ 17 |. P \GX BG\ P T Y C [ CGX T C YRE F CKNEKO P BGP XKO [ FGC BG P ZGPRKF, T N F MK % 33 P FKNEKO N YG C C TKG\ C B MKN \ PHGQ PGX Y, % 30 N YG C B MKN \-K\ Z G- % 67 DKNG F \RFDG\ S J ZKBGJKVK\. N B I Z \ YGV \ F S \DNG\ RT N PG % 85 P C TKG\ F B MKN F,G- % 98 P F F \RFDGKG\ F S J ZKBGJKVKG\ I N VG C BGVQ I N YK BG N I NGJKQ CDKN 4.5 [ RKO. T O HB \,RG\ ZG C TKG\ F \RFDG\ M PG RJKKF N X Z IG\ GF \ V Z XGKG\ ~ 18 |. C C EKY \ CRK-RGT Z P BGP XKO C B Z F " C,RP X B F [ MKIG\ DCGF F KG\ Z [ N RKSKGRG\ F \ B C EG\, B O MKRP X B [ C TKG\KF O F ZD [KG\ GF F \RFDG\KG\ EGPG\ NKNEKO CRK- DKN O [ BKRO P BGP XKO ~ 19 |. Frank GI C' ~ 20 | P X BG C S YKZ \ O [ MKIG\ DCGF F KG\ Z [ N C TKG\ RV [KG\ C Y Z C CGDZKO [ [ FG C C \K-K\GPKO N VRK DKN 6 [ RKO. C Y Z C BGMNGSKK\ KNEKO P BGP XKO P ZGPRKF RP X BG % 3.8 C T NK N YG\ C [ PKT F BG IKZ [ G\,G- % 5.1 N YG C TKGGZGQ BG CKZKE F C I EG\ F Z BKKF. VHKN F BGC IRF C- % 10 P FKNEKO ~ 21 , 22 |. YKKP \ CRGS U Y CGX \ KNEKO T O RMGKG\ KKIGEKG\, FRRJ [KO N T \KO Y ZGCG\ T Y C P X C MNMNK DZGT [ N F FGZKO BG C [ N BK- KMGN \ O [ N B N F F B I ZGRKO N F \ PGEE T O F Y [KKO F MZGMKO CDKEGN KNE RM F. KNEKO B N F [ GFKO C EZL-MNN \ YGVG\ B ZGMG\ C C \K- K\GPKO, B L N TK\KO P \ PHN PHN O, GF O HGMKO C P [ V I F I P F F PGMRF N B P W KNE RM F GN J V N CG C P SKZG\. \ KS PGR \ F B N MGFGN C TGC Z ) FAS ± Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ( FGM I, MK X ZKM \ B NMGFGN C P F NL F F ZKGQ DGZ P \ RHY N F \ V \ IG\ F TGC Z, GC I N Y O RDZ P \ \KS PGR\ [ T NKF EGGI NZ B [ GRF C [ R\ 1973 F PGMZ \ M \KS PGR\ F B NMGFGN C TGC Z ) FAS ( ~ 23 |. P BH, EGGI T N JGGI RZ I C [ N RHYKO T Y C X ZKM \ B NMGFGN C F ZKGQ, S Y K Z G \ F Z V G B F M ZL 142 , IGC'K' )BGY JGC Z 2003 ( 695 GRP X B MK DO X ZKM F C M PGKG\ Y JRG\ DGZ P \ N VDKTG\ C F \ V \ IG\ ~ 24 |. F B NMGFGN FGB FDGZ O F J Z JGDRK FRKZG-F \RFDG\K FRVGW CKG\ Z, GC B Z F " C EKGGIG % 14 = % 22 P FR [KO T N ML [ X ZMG B NMGFGN C P F NL F F ZKGQ ~ 25 |. C I N Y P F P EKRG\ [ P FQ PDKTKO KNEKO P BGP XKO P YGC N \ [ \KK\ B NMGFGN DO C Y Z C R [KO C F ZKGQ. C ZGSKF, NEGDP F,RGFDKO % 30 P F BGMNGSKKF N [ \G\ B NMGFGN C BGVQ Y CGT ~ 26 |, GN T \KO R [KO F [ G\G\ B NMGFGN C Y CKTG\ XGZMG\ DO S PKO. C B I \ F T CGEG\ ~ 22 | T N F P EKGGIK [ N JGRG\ F BKPGW, MK % 17 P F B P FG\ [KNEKFQ RP S ZG N BKPGW X ZMG B NMGFGN C P F NL F ZKGRQ. \KS PGR\ HG [ MKI F KG\ Z P [KTGZ F BKC IGQ [ N F, T Y C F YG [K C BKC IGQ PGY E O GC [ N FGV T \ F SKPRKO F EKS PGZ VKKO F C ZGZKO CDKN P CGDZ KG\ Z. F F T ZM F FKB, MK % 0.9 = % 1.6 P FKNEKO C ZGSKF NGYKO C \KS PGR\ HG { [KTGZ FDCGF C BGVQ RKMZ C F [ GGB F N P EKRG\ F P T Z C. BKPGW KN EKO T N-KEK CRK-HGD P BG \ G F PKQ BKPGW KN EKO T N-KEK CRK-HGD P BG\G F PKQ HM F N B I ZGRF N F \KKI SG\ F [ N GT E F P J T O F I C Z F F B P ZKY BK\ NZ VGB \- KNEKO. FGGT E F P X B F, MK C ZKBG\ O GF \ V \ IG\ O [ N KNEKO B N F BKRF [ GRF PHG [ N KNEKO N CRK-HGD P PKQ [ GRF. NMQ F P NKXG I C ZKF N B [ Z BKPGXKO B N F, GN \ PGL C P [ V IG\ GCKNEKO ~ 28 , 29 |. F \ C DZG \ PGY E P \ C Y Z C KN EG \ P BGP XG \ CRG\ [ BGP XG P P EKRG\ RI [ NG\ GIKG C FQ C \RBKO KZGEKO, X VGKG\ N F \ CDZG\ PGY E P \ GM \GX B F P ML N YGP F RPGM F ~ 30 |. C C NDKF, NEGDP F, [ NK [ P F CRG\ FRP X BG\ C P T Y C CDNN F \ CDZG\ PGY E P \ FQ P BGP XG\ ~ 31 |. C P T Y C B I Z [ RT ZL C [ C EKF ~ 32 | RMNNG KNEKO [ FGC BG N BKPGW P FGEG. C P I Y Z RP X B, MK % 13 P F CRG\ F \ CDZG C [ N C PGY E O. K\ Z F PHG, CRG\ [ FGC BG N BKPGW C [ C EKF T O TKMGC DEGN KG\ Z CDEKN F GXKP X PG V T Z HF C P FKZG\ Z C F, P XGKG\ FKG C SKMGQ Z C KG\ Z N F \ CDZG\ PGY E P \. C T CGE F B I Z \ ~ 33 |, [ RMNNG C F 339 CRG\ [ FGC BG N BKPGW C B Z F " C P P EKRG\ [ GRG\, RP X B MK % 30 P F CRG\ F I NG N F \ CDZ CDKN P PGX T [ N 10.5 [ RKO. FRJKKF N F \ CDZG\ PGY E P \ C N J F KG\ Z C Y Z C CRG\ [ BGP XG N B I Z DKN 5 [ RKO, G [ C \ YGV \ BKPGXQ FKF P X CQ F \HGR\K KZGE. F IGY ZKO F T NG B \ F F [ T Z F ~ 34 |, MK F F \ CDZG\ F PGY E P \ RGC T \ P F V Z [ \ FGZ PGRKO PGDC Z \, CDNN DKZGK F XKZ F FKVG\ N PGS-KG\ Z \-F PGI- DGRE F, T Y C T NKKF PGDHP \ C P [ Y N G [KRGKKO C F ZM C F PHGQ C CK\Q F I E [ [ N F CRG\. N SKMGO, F PKE T F P X J C Z BGEG\ C TKG\ X PKI F GF \ V \ IG\ C Y Z C KNEKO P BKPGW CKQ-B Z XKDEN GFGNL,GC S YKZ F FRGM IK\ EGGI T N RKSKGRO [ N BR [K-P Y XGT F P Y EK[KO B \ HPRO N \ IGO M F ZDK[. P F T CGEG\ F [ GRG\ [ RS Y ZG T N F, MK F V T ZKO C T Y CG\ BKPGW PGY E O Y JRKO KG\ Z,GRK\Q N X P X P O GB U N SDGZ BG\ O P F Z KG\ Z.KI E-T O-HB \, N P ZG\ EZL F I \ I \KO T E N SKGPG F PGX N I [ N \ F NKL BKPGW, ZGC F BKPGXKO P S \KKPKO C F X N I F P N B F: FGZKO P BG [ ZKO NKNEKO C ZKBKO CDGV O GCRV [ O. \GEG\: C Z XGRRG N FGEG\ NE"Z BGNDF CZ P SGQ T N THZ \ F C T ZKM \ F P B P Z. C K C N KG D Z V K F 1. Senecky Y, Diamond G, Rubinstein U & al, Medical aspects of international adoption. Harefuah, 2002; 142: 483-486. 2. 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