חומר רקע

Exposure Notifications Impact Overview  How the the Exposure Notifications System works  We know effective contract tracing is key to controlling COVID-19, so we’ve worked with  health authorities to create and refine​ ​exposure notifications​ technology to supplement  traditional contact tracing ​(​FAQ​).   ● It doesn’t require users to remember contacts, it can be deployed at scale, with lower  costs (the API/apps are free), and it can speed up time to notification of exposed  people.   ● The API ​allows health authorities​ to define what constitutes a notifiable exposure and  to control all notification messaging.  ● The technology is designed to protect privacy.​ Location data is not used and most  data is processed and stored on-device. The system has been ​largely well-received​ by  privacy and human rights groups.  Understanding current adoption  ● There have been​ ​44 app launches​ worldwide, including ​16 US states/territories​.  ○ Additional health authorities are conducting public pilots (e.g. ​California​) and/or  actively developing apps supported by ENS.  ● Some jurisdictions have seen substantial uptake and adoption of apps:  ○ In the UK​, ​40% of the population ​has downloaded the app  ○ In Finland​, ​nearly 40% of the population​ has downloaded the app (with 1M  downloads happening in the ​first 24 hours​)  ○ In Ireland​, ​35% of the population​ has downloaded the app (with 20% of the  population downloading in the ​first three days​)  ○ In Switzerland​, ​21% of the population​ are active users of the app  ○ In Uruguay​, ​17% of the population​ has downloaded the app  ○ In Colorado​, ​17% of the population ​has enabled EN Express  ○ In Washington D.C.​, ​53% of the population​ has enabled EN Express  Early understanding of efficacy  These examples illustrate how Exposure Notifications are improving the health outcomes of  and public health response to COVID-19. ​Note efficacy data (by design) can only be collected  by health authorities; Google and Apple cannot access this data without health authorities  collecting and sharing.  ● Switzerland has published preliminary findings showing ​evidence that ENS efficacy is  on-par with manual contact tracing by one metric   ○ They’ve also published an ​analysis​ of app usage in Zurich showing showing “​1  notified app user tests positive per 10 entered CovidCodes​ in the Canton of  Zurich”  ● In Spain,​ data shows the Spanish ENS app identified twice as many contacts as human  contact tracers.  ● In Italy​, notified app users from the “Immuni” app have tested positive  ● Researchers at Google have collaborated with Oxford to publish a ​modeling study​ to  better understand the potential real-world impact of exposure notifications under  different circumstances.  ○ Even at ​low levels of adoption​, exposure notifications can reduce the number  of infections, hospitalizations, and deaths from COVID-19.